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Table 1 Characteristics of patients on treatment for drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis in Bhavnagar during January–June 2019 (n = 458)

From: Costs incurred by patients with drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis in semi-urban and rural settings of Western India

Characteristic Number (%) or median (IQR)
Socio-demographic characteristics
Age, years 35 (23–50)
Male 319 (70)
Educational status
 No formal education 284 (62)
 Primary (7th pass) 114 (25)
 Secondary (10th pass) and above 60 (13)
Married 332 (72)
Scheduled caste/scheduled tribe 142 (31)
Extended family (vs nuclear family) 381 (83)
Urban residence 325 (71)
Economic characteristics
DBT received for this episode of TB 405 (88)
Amount of DBT received in USD 43 (41–43)
Family income in USD 129 (100–186)
Below poverty line card 146 (32)
Standard of living (SLI) index
 Low (SLI score 1–7) 141 (31)
 Middle/high (SLI score 8–23) 317 (69)
Employed in paid work before TB diagnosis 259 (57)
Currently in paid work 204 (45)
Sole earner in the family 85 (19)
Clinical characteristics
Sputum acid-fast bacillus smear grade  
 Negative 112 (25)
 Scanty 70 (15)
 1+ 126 (27)
 2+ 50 (11)
 3+ 100 (22)
HIV positive 8 (2)
Diabetes 35 (8)
Current tobacco smoking 119 (26)
Current regular alcohol consumption 20 (4)
Intensive phase of TB treatment 195 (43)
First TB visit with a private provider 60 (13)
Hospitalized due to TB at the first visit 66 (14)
Number of days into TB treatment at the time of study enrolment 69 (29–116)
  1. IQR Inter-quartile range; DBT Direct benefit transfer; HIV Human immunodeficiency virus; TB Tuberculosis. USD 1 = INR 70