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Univariate models
Multivariate models
Covariate
aOR a (95% CI )
P -value
aOR b (95% CI )
P -value
Sex
Male
1
1
Female
1.00 (0.95–1.06)
0.882
0.95 (0.88–1.03)
0.245
Age at diagnosis (years)
Below 15
1.25 (1.15–1.35)
< 0.001***
1.26 (1.12–1.43)
< 0.001***
15 and older
1
1
Group
Paucibacillary (PB)
1
1
Multibacillary (MB)
0.92 (0.87–0.98)
0.006**
0.92 (0.83–1.02)
0.071
Skin smear
Negative
1
1
Positive
0.91 (0.82–1.02)
0.100
0.83 (0.73–0.96)
0.011*
Disability
Grade 0
1
1
Grade 1
1.06 (0.96–1.17)
0.262
1.04 (0.89–1.21)
0.497
Grade 2
1.04 (0.94–1.16)
0.432
1.05 (0.90–1.22)
0.353
Proximity to nearest clinic (km)
1.24 (1.13–1.34)
< 0.001***
1.26 (1.16–1.37)
< 0.001***
Proximity nearest city (km)
0.97 (0.97–0.98)
< 0.001***
0.98 (0.98–0.99)
< 0.001***
Population size (per 100 m2 )
1.01 (1.00–1.01)
< 0.001***
1.00 (1.00–1.01)
0.004**
Mode of detection
Active
1.13 (1.06–1.23)
< 0.001***
0.98 (0.87–1.10)
0.700
Passive
1
1
We compared cases located outside of hotspots with cases within weak (RR lower than two), medium (RR of two to three) or strong (RR of three or higher) hotspots
aOR adjusted odds ratio, CI confidence interval
Significance codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘’ 1
a Models were adjusted for year of detection of the case (fixed effect) and union of residence (random effect)b Models were adjusted for mode of detection, year of detection of the case (fixed effects) and union of residence (random effect)
