Impact of micro-environmental factors on survival, reproduction and distribution of Oncomelania hupensis snails

Table 2 Suitable range of micro-environmental factors for Oncomelania hupensis survival and reproduction

Factors	Suitable range	Reference
Water level (flood duration)	4–5 months	[23]
	2–7 months	[24]
	24 m (3 months)–25 m (4 months)	[20]
	130–160 days	[18]
pH	6.6–7.0	[4]
	5.5–7.0	[11]
	5.6–7.9^a	[17]
Soil temperature	16–19 °C	[22]
	16–20 °C	[21]
	23–24 °C	[4]
	24–29 °C	[11]
	15–30 °C	[19]
Soil humidity	0.2–0.3% (m³/m³)	[22]
	59–69%	[4]
	20–60%	[19]
	60–80%	[11]
	28–38%	[25]
Vegetation coverage	16–32% (Carex spp.)	[22]
	80–90% (herb community)	[26]
	60–100% (herb community)	[27]
	35–90% (weed)	[27]
	35–95% (Carex spp. and Triarrhena lutarioriparia community)	[27]
	1–100% (Phragmites communis)	[27]
Vegetation height	80–157 cm (Triarrhena lutarioriparia)	[22]
	16–20 cm (herb community)	[26]
	20–50 cm (herb community)	[27]
	15–47 cm (weed)	[27]
	20–33 cm (Carex spp. and Triarrhena lutarioriparia community)	[27]
	72–78 cm (Phragmites communis)	[27]

ISSN: 2049-9957